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Pooja Rao

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

SCALAR: A Neurosymbolic Framework for Automated Conjecture and Reasoning in Quantum Circuit Analysis

In this paper, we present SCALAR (Symbolic Conjecture and LLM-Assisted Reasoning), a neurosymbolic framework for automated conjecture generation in quantum circuit analysis built on top of the CUDA-Q open source framework. The system integrates quantum simulation, symbolic conjecture generation, and LLM-based interpretation. We evaluate SCALAR on 82 MaxCut instances from the MQLib benchmark dataset and extend the analysis to 2,000 randomly generated graphs across four topologies: regular, Erdos-Renyi, Barabasi-Albert, and Watts-Strogatz. The framework generates conjectured bounds relating optimal QAOA parameters to graph invariants, including known relationships such as periodicity constraints on the phase separation parameter $γ$. SCALAR also recovers previously reported parameter transfer phenomena across structurally similar instances. Additionally, the system identifies correlations between graph structural features and optimization landscape properties, which we characterize through invariant-based descriptors. Using CUDA-Q tensor network simulator, we scale experiments to instances of up to 77 qubits. We discuss the accuracy, generality, and limitations of the generated conjectures, including sensitivity to graph class and quantum circuit depth.

preprint2022arXiv

A quantum generative model for multi-dimensional time series using Hamiltonian learning

Synthetic data generation has proven to be a promising solution for addressing data availability issues in various domains. Even more challenging is the generation of synthetic time series data, where one has to preserve temporal dynamics, i.e., the generated time series must respect the original relationships between variables across time. Recently proposed techniques such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and quantum-GANs lack the ability to attend to the time series specific temporal correlations adequately. We propose using the inherent nature of quantum computers to simulate quantum dynamics as a technique to encode such features. We start by assuming that a given time series can be generated by a quantum process, after which we proceed to learn that quantum process using quantum machine learning. We then use the learned model to generate out-of-sample time series and show that it captures unique and complex features of the learned time series. We also study the class of time series that can be modeled using this technique. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate the proposed algorithm on an 11-qubit trapped-ion quantum machine.

preprint2020arXiv

Comparison of Amplitude Estimation Algorithms by Implementation

Since the quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) was invented by Brassard et al., 2002, several advanced algorithms have recently been published (Grinko et al., 2019, Aaronson et al, and Suzuki et al., 2020). The main difference between the variants and the original algorithm is that the variants do not need quantum phase estimation (QPE), a key component of the canonical QAE (Brassard et al., 2002), that is composed of many expensive operations on NISQ devices. In this paper, we compare and analyze two of these new QAE approaches (Grinko et al., 2019, and Suzuki et al., 2020) by implementation using the Qiskit package. The comparisons are drawn based on number of oracle queries, quantum circuit depth, and other complexities of implementation for a fixed accuracy. We discuss the strengths and limitations of each algorithm from a computational perspective.

preprint2020arXiv

Practical numerical integration on NISQ devices

This paper addresses the practical aspects of quantum algorithms used in numerical integration, specifically their implementation on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Quantum algorithms for numerical integration utilize Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) (Brassard et al., 2002) in conjunction with Grovers algorithm. However, QAE is daunting to implement on NISQ devices since it typically relies on Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE), which requires many ancilla qubits and controlled operations. To mitigate these challenges, a recently published QAE algorithm (Suzuki et al., 2020), which does not rely on QPE, requires a much smaller number of controlled operations and does not require ancilla qubits. We implement this new algorithm for numerical integration on IBM quantum devices using Qiskit and optimize the circuit on each target device. We discuss the application of this algorithm on two qubits and its scalability to more than two qubits on NISQ devices.

preprint2020arXiv

Quantum amplitude estimation algorithms on IBM quantum devices

Since the publication of the Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) algorithm by Brassard et al., 2002, several variations have been proposed, such as Aaronson et al., 2019, Grinko et al., 2019, and Suzuki et al., 2020. The main difference between the original and the variants is the exclusion of Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) by the latter. This difference is notable given that QPE is the key component of original QAE, but is composed of many operations considered expensive for the current NISQ era devices. We compare two recently proposed variants (Grinko et al., 2019 and Suzuki et al., 2020) by implementing them on the IBM Quantum device using Qiskit, an open source framework for quantum computing. We analyze and discuss advantages of each algorithm from the point of view of their implementation and performance on a quantum computer.