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Jiaxin Liu

Jiaxin Liu contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Computer Vision Robotics Artificial Intelligence Computation and Language

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preprint2026arXiv

CHASM: Cross-frequency Harmonized Axis-Separable Mixing for Spectral Token Operators

Spectral token mixers based on Fourier transforms provide an efficient way to model global interactions in visual feature maps. Existing designs often either apply filter-wise spectral responses along fixed channel axes, or learn adaptive frequency-indexed channel mixing without explicitly aligning the channel directions used across frequencies. We propose CHASM, a Cross-frequency Harmonized Axis-Separable Mixer, as a structured middle ground. CHASM separates what should be shared from what should remain frequency-specific: all frequencies share a learned channel eigenbasis, while each frequency retains its own positive spectral gains. The shared basis makes channel directions comparable across the spectrum, whereas the positive gains preserve local spectral adaptivity. CHASM applies this structured operator separably along the height and width axes and is used as a drop-in replacement mixer inside existing backbones. We provide a structural characterization of the shared-basis operator family and evaluate CHASM through controlled same-backbone comparisons. Across accelerated MRI reconstruction, undersampled MRI segmentation, and natural-image reconstruction, CHASM consistently improves over same-backbone spectral-mixer baselines. Ablations show that removing the shared-basis constraint weakens performance, and randomizing coherent sampling geometry substantially reduces the gain, supporting cross-frequency harmonization as a useful inductive bias for spectral token operators.

preprint2026arXiv

DeepSight: Long-Horizon World Modeling via Latent States Prediction for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

End-to-end autonomous driving systems are increasingly integrating Vision-Language Model (VLM) architectures, incorporating text reasoning or visual reasoning to enhance the robustness and accuracy of driving decisions. However, the reasoning mechanisms employed in most methods are direct adaptations from general domains, lacking in-depth exploration tailored to autonomous driving scenarios, particularly within visual reasoning modules. In this paper, we propose a driving world model that performs parallel prediction of latent semantic features for consecutive future frames in the bird's-eye-view (BEV) space, thereby enabling long-horizon modeling of future world states. We also introduce an efficient and adaptive text reasoning mechanism that utilizes additional social knowledge and reasoning capabilities to further improve driving performance in challenging long-tail scenarios. We present a novel, efficient, and effective approach that achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) results on the closed-loop Bench2drive benchmark. Codes are available at: https://github.com/hotdogcheesewhite/DeepSight.

preprint2026arXiv

Dual-Pathway Circuits of Object Hallucination in Vision-Language Models

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in bridging visual perception and natural language understanding, enabling a wide range of multimodal reasoning tasks. However, they often produce object hallucinations, describing content absent from the input image, which limits their reliability and interpretability. To address this limitation, we propose Dual-Pathway Circuit Analysis, a framework that identifies and characterizes hallucination-related circuits in VLMs for mechanistic understanding and causal probing. We first apply activation patching across five architecturally diverse VLMs to identify a visual grounding pathway that supports correct predictions and a hallucination pathway that drives erroneous outputs. We then introduce Conditional Pathway Analysis (CPA) to characterize pathway-level interactions, revealing that grounding components remain strongly redundant in both correct and hallucinating samples but undergo a consistent polarity flip, shifting from supporting the ground truth on correct samples to aligning with the hallucinated answer on erroneous ones. We further perform targeted suppression of hallucination-pathway components, showing that scaling these components reduces object hallucination by up to 76% with minimal accuracy cost, and validate that the same circuit selectively transfers to relational but not attribute hallucination. Evaluations on POPE-adversarial and AMBER show that the identified circuits are consistent across architectures, support causal intervention, and transfer selectively across hallucination types.

preprint2026arXiv

How Order-Sensitive Are LLMs? OrderProbe for Deterministic Structural Reconstruction

Large language models (LLMs) excel at semantic understanding, yet their ability to reconstruct internal structure from scrambled inputs remains underexplored. Sentence-level restoration is ill-posed for automated evaluation because multiple valid word orders often exist. We introduce OrderProbe, a deterministic benchmark for structural reconstruction using fixed four-character expressions in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, which have a unique canonical order and thus support exact-match scoring. We further propose a diagnostic framework that evaluates models beyond recovery accuracy, including semantic fidelity, logical validity, consistency, robustness sensitivity, and information density. Experiments on twelve widely used LLMs show that structural reconstruction remains difficult even for frontier systems: zero-shot recovery frequently falls below 35%. We also observe a consistent dissociation between semantic recall and structural planning, suggesting that structural robustness is not an automatic byproduct of semantic competence.

preprint2026arXiv

Omni-scale Learning-based Sequential Decision Framework for Order Fulfillment of Tote-handling Robotic Systems

Driven by the rapid expansion of e-commerce and small-batch production, the size of the intralogistics load unit of finished goods, semi-finished goods and raw materials is steadily shrinking. Totes are gradually replacing pallets as the primary handling and storage container. This shift has propelled tote-handling robotic systems to the forefront of automation order fulfillment centers. The order-fulfillment decisions of tote-handling robotic systems share a common order-tote-robot sequential decision-making nature. Existing studies primarily focus on decision mechanisms tailored to particular systems, making it difficult to generalize or transfer them to other contexts. We propose an Omni-scale Learning-based Sequential Decision Framework for Order Fulfillment of Tote-handling Robotic Systems (OLSF-TRS), a generalized and scalable sequential decision framework that combines structured combinatorial optimization with multi-agent reinforcement learning to coordinate order,tote, and robot decisions. On small-scale tote-handling robotic systems, OLSF-TRS achieves near-optimal performance with average optimality gaps below 3.5% across two distinct system configurations. In large-scale scenarios, OLSF-TRS consistently outperforms heuristic baselines across two different system types, reducing total tote movements by 8-12% and over 30% compared to SOTA rule-based approaches, while maintaining real-time responsiveness. These improvements translate into tangible operational benefits, including cost reduction, lower energy consumption, and enhanced throughput stability. The proposed framework delivers an efficient and unified order fulfillment decision-making framework for widely deployed tote-handling robotic systems,supporting high-quality order fulfillment in both e-commerce and industrial logistics sectors.

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