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Dongsheng Liu

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hep-ph Biological Physics cond-mat.soft Biomolecules Computation and Language Computer Vision math-ph math.CO math.GR math.MP physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph quant-ph

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preprint2026arXiv

Uncovering Entity Identity Confusion in Multimodal Knowledge Editing

Multimodal knowledge editing (MKE) aims to correct the internal knowledge of large vision-language models after deployment, yet the behavioral patterns of post-edit models remain underexplored. In this paper, we identify a systemic failure mode in edited models, termed Entity Identity Confusion (EIC): edited models exhibit an absurd behavior where text-only queries about the original entity's identity unexpectedly return information about the new entity. To rigorously investigate EIC, we construct EC-Bench, a diagnostic benchmark that directly probes how image-entity bindings shift before and after editing. Our analysis reveals that EIC stems from existing methods failing to distinguish between Image-Entity (I-E) binding and Entity-Entity (E-E) relational knowledge in the model, causing models to overfit E-E associations as a shortcut: the image is still perceived as the original entity, with the new entity's name serving only as a spurious identity label. We further explore potential mitigation strategies, showing that constraining edits to the model's I-E processing stage encourages edits to act more faithfully on I-E binding, thereby substantially reducing EIC. Based on these findings, we discuss principled desiderata for faithful MKE and provide methodological guidance for future research.

preprint2015arXiv

Symmetries of the pseudo-diffusion equation, and its unconventional 2-sided kernel

We determine by two related methods the invariance algebra $\g$ of the \emph{`pseudo-diffusion equation'} (PSDE) $$ L~Q \equiv \left[\frac {\partial}{\partial t} -\frac 1 4 \left(\frac {\partial^2}{\partial x^2} -\frac 1 {t^2} \frac {\partial^2}{\partial p^2}\right)\right]~Q(x,p,t)=0, $$ which describes the behavior of the $Q$ functions in the $(x,p)$-phase space as a function of a squeeze parameter $y$, where $t=e^{2y}$. The algebra turns out to be isomorphic to that of its constant coefficient version. Relying on this isomorphism we construct a local point transformation which maps the factor $t^{-2}$ to 1. We show that any generalized version $u_t-u_{xx}+ b(t) u_{yy}=0$ of PSDE has a smaller symmetry algebra than $\g$, except for $b(t)$ equals to a constant or it is proportional to $t^{-2}$. We apply the group elements $G_i(\ga) := \exp[\ga A_i]$ and obtain new solutions of the PSDE from simple ones, and interpret the physics of some of the results. We make use of the `factorization property' of the PSDE to construct its \textit{`2-sided kernel'}, because it has to depend on two times, $t_0 < t < t_1$. We include a detailed discussion of the identification of the Lie algebraic structure of the symmetry algebra $\g$, and its contraction from $\su(1,1)\oplus\so(3,1)$.

preprint2011arXiv

High temperature unfolding simulations of a single stranded DNA i-motif

We present the results of high temperature 500 K Molecular Dynamics simulations of the DNA i-motif. The essential dynamics and the main unfolding pathways are compared to a biased metadynamics simulation at 300 K. Our results indicate a remarkable agreement of the concerted motion at both temperatures. The transition can be described by a few number of eigenvectors indicating a simple unfolding process. Two main mechanisms for the unfolding pathway at 500 K can be detected which are in good agreement to the results of the biased simulation at 300 K.

preprint2011arXiv

Unfolding mechanism and the free energy landscape of a single stranded DNA i-motif

We present Molecular Dynamics simulations of a single stranded unprotonated DNA i-motif in explicit solvent. Our results indicate that the native structure in non-acidic solution at 300 K is unstable and completely vanishes on a time scale up to 10 ns. Two unfolding mechanisms with decreasing connectivity between the initially interacting nucleobases can be identified where one pathway is characterized as entropically more favorable. The entropic preference can be mainly explained by strong water ordering effects due to hydrogen bonds for several occurring structures along the pathways. Finally we are able to indicate via free energy calculations the most stable configurations belonging to distinct hairpin structures in good agreement to experimental results.

preprint2010arXiv

Prime ideals in decomposable lattices

A distributive lattice $L$ with minimum element $0$ is called decomposable lattice if $a$ and $b$ are not comparable elements in $L$ there exist $\overline{a},\overline{b}\in L$ such that $a=\overline{a}\vee(a\wedge b), b=\overline{b}\vee(a\wedge b)$ and $\overline{a}\wedge \overline{b}=0$. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate prime ideals, minimal prime ideals and special ideals of a decomposable lattice. These are keys to understand the algebraic structure of decomposable lattices.

preprint2010arXiv

The structure of decomposable lattices determined by their prime ideals

A distributive lattice $L$ with minimum element $0$ is called decomposable if $a$ and $b$ are not comparable elements in $L$ then there exist $\overline{a},\overline{b}\in L$ such that $a=\overline{a}\vee(a\wedge b), b=\overline{b}\vee(a\wedge b)$ and $\overline{a}\wedge \overline{b}=0$. The main purpose of this paper is to study the structure of decomposable lattices determined by their prime ideals. The properties for five special decomposable lattices are derived.

preprint1995arXiv

Analysis of Charge Asymmetry in Rare Dilepton $B$ Decays

We analyze forward-backward charge asymmetry of the lepton production in rare decays $B\rightarrow X_s l^+l^-$ and $B\rightarrow K^* l^+l^-$, including vector-resonance effects. Certain regions of phase space, in which the asymmetry is sensitive to individual short-distance coefficients, are pointed out. In particular, we suggest a method to test the coupling of the leptonic axial vector current to the left-handed quark current experimentally.

preprint1995arXiv

Estimates for Forward-backward Asymmetry in $B\rightarrow K^*(892)\; l^+ l^-$

Forward-backward charge asymmetry in rare dilepton $B$-decays is formulated with the assumption of an on-shell b-quark. We find the asymmetry is expressed in terms of two spatially transverse helicity amplitudes, which are determined by combining the data of $D\rightarrow K^*(892)\; l^+ ν$ with heavy flavour symmetry. We estimate the charge asymmetry of $B\rightarrow K^*(892)\; l^+ l^-$ for large energy leptons against various top masses in the standard model.

preprint1993arXiv

Non-Leptonic B Decays into K-Resonances

We estimate the non-leptonic B decays $B \rightarrow (ψ,ψ^\prime , χ_{1c})+K^i$, where $K^i$ are various K-meson resonances. We use the model of Isgur, Wise, Scora and Grinstein in the context of heavy quark effective theory, to calculate the hadronic matrix elements. Our estimates show that a substantial fraction of $B \rightarrow X_s ψ$ results in higher resonances of K-meson and besides $B \rightarrow K(K^*) ψ$, a considerable fraction of $B \rightarrow X_s (c\bar c)$ goes to $B \rightarrow (K,K^*)+( ψ^{\prime},χ_{1c})$.

preprint1992arXiv

Exclusive Decays $B \rightarrow K ψ, B \rightarrow K^* ψ$ using Heavy Quark Symmetries

We use the new symmetries in the heavy quark limit to calculate the exclusive B-decays $B \rightarrow K ψ(ψ^{\prime})$ and $B \rightarrow K^* ψ(ψ^{\prime})$. The estimated decay rates are compared with experimental values. We also estimate rare $B \rightarrow K^* γ$ decay rate, based on these experimental data and heavy quark symmetry.