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Dongdong Yang

Dongdong Yang contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

DIVER: Dynamic Iterative Visual Evidence Reasoning for Multimodal Fake News Detection

Multimodal fake news detection is crucial for mitigating adversarial misinformation. Existing methods, relying on static fusion or LLMs, face computational redundancy and hallucination risks due to weak visual foundations. To address this, we propose DIVER (Dynamic Iterative Visual Evidence Reasoning), a framework grounded in a progressive, evidence-driven reasoning paradigm. DIVER first establishes a strong text-based baseline through language analysis, leveraging intra-modal consistency to filter unreliable or hallucinated claims. Only when textual evidence is insufficient does the framework introduce visual information, where inter-modal alignment verification adaptively determines whether deeper visual inspection is necessary. For samples exhibiting significant cross-modal semantic discrepancies, DIVER selectively invokes fine-grained visual tools (e.g., OCR and dense captioning) to extract task-relevant evidence, which is iteratively aggregated via uncertainty-aware fusion to refine multimodal reasoning. Experiments on Weibo, Weibo21, and GossipCop demonstrate that DIVER outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by an average of 2.72\%, while optimizing inference efficiency with a reduced latency of 4.12 s.

preprint2026arXiv

DMN: A Compositional Framework for Jailbreaking Multimodal LLMs with Multi-Image Inputs

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, which can elicit harmful responses from MLLMs. Many MLLMs support multi-image inputs, inadvertently introducing new vulnerabilities due to less efforts on multi-image safety alignment. Previous MLLM jailbreak methods only uses a single image, which restricts the attack space: they cannot distribute harmful requests across multiple images, carry abundant information, or exploit additional visual reasoning tasks to distract MLLMs. To address these limitations, in this paper, we propose a compositional jailbreak framework, \textbf{DMN}, which leverages \textbf{D}istributed instruction, \textbf{M}ultimodal evidence and a \textbf{N}umber chain task to fully enhance the jailbreak performance. Extensive experiments show that DMN is highly effective for MLLM jailbreaking, e.g. achieving attack success rates of over 90\% on GPT-4o, Gemini-2.5-pro and Claude Sonnet 4, surpassing other baselines by a large margin. This compositional, multi-image jailbreak strategy reveals fundamental weaknesses in their safety mechanisms.

preprint2026arXiv

SafeHarbor: Hierarchical Memory-Augmented Guardrail for LLM Agent Safety

With the rapid evolution of foundation models, Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated increasingly powerful tool-use capabilities. However, this proficiency introduces significant security risks, as malicious actors can manipulate agents into executing tools to generate harmful content. While existing defensive mechanisms are effective, they frequently suffer from the over-refusal problem, where increased safety strictness compromises the agent's utility on benign tasks. To mitigate this trade-off, we propose \textsc{SafeHarbor}, a novel framework designed to establish precise decision boundaries for LLM agents. Unlike static guidelines, \textsc{SafeHarbor} extracts context-aware defense rules through enhanced adversarial generation. We design a local hierarchical memory system for dynamic rule injection, offering a training-free, efficient, and plug-and-play solution. Furthermore, we introduce an information entropy-based self-evolution mechanism that continuously optimizes the memory structure through dynamic node splitting and merging. Extensive experiments demonstrate that \textsc{SafeHarbor} achieves state-of-the-art performance on both ambiguous benign tasks and explicit malicious attacks, notably attaining a peak benign utility of 63.6\% on GPT-4o while maintaining a robust refusal rate exceeding 93\% against harmful requests. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/ljj-cyber/SafeHarbor.

preprint2023arXiv

A clean-label graph backdoor attack method in node classification task

Backdoor attacks in the traditional graph neural networks (GNNs) field are easily detectable due to the dilemma of confusing labels. To explore the backdoor vulnerability of GNNs and create a more stealthy backdoor attack method, a clean-label graph backdoor attack method(CGBA) in the node classification task is proposed in this paper. Differently from existing backdoor attack methods, CGBA requires neither modification of node labels nor graph structure. Specifically, to solve the problem of inconsistency between the contents and labels of the samples, CGBA selects poisoning samples in a specific target class and uses the label of sample as the target label (i.e., clean-label) after injecting triggers into the target samples. To guarantee the similarity of neighboring nodes, the raw features of the nodes are elaborately picked as triggers to further improve the concealment of the triggers. Extensive experiments results show the effectiveness of our method. When the poisoning rate is 0.04, CGBA can achieve an average attack success rate of 87.8%, 98.9%, 89.1%, and 98.5%, respectively.

preprint2020arXiv

Interpretable Deep Learning Model for Online Multi-touch Attribution

In online advertising, users may be exposed to a range of different advertising campaigns, such as natural search or referral or organic search, before leading to a final transaction. Estimating the contribution of advertising campaigns on the user's journey is very meaningful and crucial. A marketer could observe each customer's interaction with different marketing channels and modify their investment strategies accordingly. Existing methods including both traditional last-clicking methods and recent data-driven approaches for the multi-touch attribution (MTA) problem lack enough interpretation on why the methods work. In this paper, we propose a novel model called DeepMTA, which combines deep learning model and additive feature explanation model for interpretable online multi-touch attribution. DeepMTA mainly contains two parts, the phased-LSTMs based conversion prediction model to catch different time intervals, and the additive feature attribution model combined with shaley values. Additive feature attribution is explanatory that contains a linear function of binary variables. As the first interpretable deep learning model for MTA, DeepMTA considers three important features in the customer journey: event sequence order, event frequency and time-decay effect of the event. Evaluation on a real dataset shows the proposed conversion prediction model achieves 91\% accuracy.