Researcher profile

Deval Mehta

Deval Mehta contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

Neurosymbolic Framework for Concept-Driven Logical Reasoning in Skeleton-Based Human Action Recognition

Skeleton-based human activity recognition has achieved strong empirical performance, yet most existing models remain black boxes and difficult to interpret. In this work, we introduce a neurosymbolic formulation of skeleton-based HAR that reframes action recognition as concept-driven first-order logical reasoning over motion primitives. Our framework bridges representation learning and symbolic inference by grounding first-order logic predicates in learnable spatial and temporal motion concepts. Specifically, we employ a standard spatio-temporal skeleton encoder to extract latent motion representations, which are then mapped to interpretable concept predicates via a spatio-temporal concept decoder that explicitly separates pose-centric and dynamics-centric abstractions. These concept predicates are composed through differentiable first-order logic layers, enabling the model to learn human-readable logical rules that govern action semantics. To impose semantic structure on the learned concepts, we align skeleton representations with LLM-derived descriptions of atomic motion primitives, establishing a shared conceptual space for perception and reasoning. Extensive experiments on NTU RGB+D 60/120 and NW-UCLA demonstrate that our approach achieves competitive recognition performance while providing explicit, interpretable explanations grounded in logical structure. Our results highlight neurosymbolic reasoning as an effective paradigm for interpretable spatio-temporal action understanding. Code: https://github.com/Mr-TalhaIlyas/REASON

preprint2022arXiv

Leukocyte Classification using Multimodal Architecture Enhanced by Knowledge Distillation

Recently, a lot of automated white blood cells (WBC) or leukocyte classification techniques have been developed. However, all of these methods only utilize a single modality microscopic image i.e. either blood smear or fluorescence based, thus missing the potential of a better learning from multimodal images. In this work, we develop an efficient multimodal architecture based on a first of its kind multimodal WBC dataset for the task of WBC classification. Specifically, our proposed idea is developed in two steps - 1) First, we learn modality specific independent subnetworks inside a single network only; 2) We further enhance the learning capability of the independent subnetworks by distilling knowledge from high complexity independent teacher networks. With this, our proposed framework can achieve a high performance while maintaining low complexity for a multimodal dataset. Our unique contribution is two-fold - 1) We present a first of its kind multimodal WBC dataset for WBC classification; 2) We develop a high performing multimodal architecture which is also efficient and low in complexity at the same time.

preprint2022arXiv

Multi-dimensional Racism Classification during COVID-19: Stigmatization, Offensiveness, Blame, and Exclusion

Transcending the binary categorization of racist texts, our study takes cues from social science theories to develop a multi-dimensional model for racism detection, namely stigmatization, offensiveness, blame, and exclusion. With the aid of BERT and topic modeling, this categorical detection enables insights into the underlying subtlety of racist discussion on digital platforms during COVID-19. Our study contributes to enriching the scholarly discussion on deviant racist behaviours on social media. First, a stage-wise analysis is applied to capture the dynamics of the topic changes across the early stages of COVID-19 which transformed from a domestic epidemic to an international public health emergency and later to a global pandemic. Furthermore, mapping this trend enables a more accurate prediction of public opinion evolvement concerning racism in the offline world, and meanwhile, the enactment of specified intervention strategies to combat the upsurge of racism during the global public health crisis like COVID-19. In addition, this interdisciplinary research also points out a direction for future studies on social network analysis and mining. Integration of social science perspectives into the development of computational methods provides insights into more accurate data detection and analytics.

preprint2022arXiv

Out-of-Distribution Detection for Long-tailed and Fine-grained Skin Lesion Images

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of automated methods for skin lesion diagnosis and classification. Due to an increasing deployment of such systems in clinics, it has become important to develop a more robust system towards various Out-of-Distribution(OOD) samples (unknown skin lesions and conditions). However, the current deep learning models trained for skin lesion classification tend to classify these OOD samples incorrectly into one of their learned skin lesion categories. To address this issue, we propose a simple yet strategic approach that improves the OOD detection performance while maintaining the multi-class classification accuracy for the known categories of skin lesion. To specify, this approach is built upon a realistic scenario of a long-tailed and fine-grained OOD detection task for skin lesion images. Through this approach, 1) First, we target the mixup amongst middle and tail classes to address the long-tail problem. 2) Later, we combine the above mixup strategy with prototype learning to address the fine-grained nature of the dataset. The unique contribution of this paper is two-fold, justified by extensive experiments. First, we present a realistic problem setting of OOD task for skin lesion. Second, we propose an approach to target the long-tailed and fine-grained aspects of the problem setting simultaneously to increase the OOD performance.

preprint2020arXiv

#Coronavirus or #Chinesevirus?!: Understanding the negative sentiment reflected in Tweets with racist hashtags across the development of COVID-19

Situated in the global outbreak of COVID-19, our study enriches the discussion concerning the emergent racism and xenophobia on social media. With big data extracted from Twitter, we focus on the analysis of negative sentiment reflected in tweets marked with racist hashtags, as racism and xenophobia are more likely to be delivered via the negative sentiment. Especially, we propose a stage-based approach to capture how the negative sentiment changes along with the three development stages of COVID-19, under which it transformed from a domestic epidemic into an international public health emergency and later, into the global pandemic. At each stage, sentiment analysis enables us to recognize the negative sentiment from tweets with racist hashtags, and keyword extraction allows for the discovery of themes in the expression of negative sentiment by these tweets. Under this public health crisis of human beings, this stage-based approach enables us to provide policy suggestions for the enactment of stage-specific intervention strategies to combat racism and xenophobia on social media in a more effective way.