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Bo-Hsiang Tseng

Bo-Hsiang Tseng appears in the imported research catalog. Authorship, coauthor and topic links are available while profile ownership is still unclaimed.

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Computation and LanguageArtificial IntelligenceComputer VisionMachine Learning

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMs

Human-level agentic intelligence extends beyond low-level geometric perception, evolving from recognizing where things are to understanding what they are for. While existing benchmarks effectively evaluate the geometric perception capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), they fall short of probing the higher-order cognitive abilities required for grounded intelligence. To address this gap, we introduce the Spatial-Functional Intelligence Benchmark (SFI-Bench), a video-based benchmark with over 1,500 expert-annotated questions derived from diverse egocentric indoor video scans. SFI-Bench systematically evaluates two complementary dimensions of advanced reasoning: (1) Structured Spatial Reasoning, which requires understanding complex layouts and forming coherent spatial representations, and (2) Functional Reasoning, which involves inferring object affordances and their context-dependent utility. The benchmark includes tasks such as conditional counting, multi-hop relational reasoning, functional pairing, and knowledge-grounded troubleshooting, directly challenging models to integrate perception, memory, and inference. Our experiments reveal that current MLLMs consistently struggle to combine spatial memory with functional reasoning and external knowledge, highlighting a critical bottleneck in achieving grounded intelligence. SFI-Bench therefore provides a diagnostic tool for measuring progress toward more cognitively capable and truly grounded multimodal agents.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2020arXiv

A Generative Model for Joint Natural Language Understanding and Generation

Natural language understanding (NLU) and natural language generation (NLG) are two fundamental and related tasks in building task-oriented dialogue systems with opposite objectives: NLU tackles the transformation from natural language to formal representations, whereas NLG does the reverse. A key to success in either task is parallel training data which is expensive to obtain at a large scale. In this work, we propose a generative model which couples NLU and NLG through a shared latent variable. This approach allows us to explore both spaces of natural language and formal representations, and facilitates information sharing through the latent space to eventually benefit NLU and NLG. Our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on two dialogue datasets with both flat and tree-structured formal representations. We also show that the model can be trained in a semi-supervised fashion by utilising unlabelled data to boost its performance.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2020arXiv

MultiWOZ -- A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelling

Even though machine learning has become the major scene in dialogue research community, the real breakthrough has been blocked by the scale of data available. To address this fundamental obstacle, we introduce the Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz dataset (MultiWOZ), a fully-labeled collection of human-human written conversations spanning over multiple domains and topics. At a size of $10$k dialogues, it is at least one order of magnitude larger than all previous annotated task-oriented corpora. The contribution of this work apart from the open-sourced dataset labelled with dialogue belief states and dialogue actions is two-fold: firstly, a detailed description of the data collection procedure along with a summary of data structure and analysis is provided. The proposed data-collection pipeline is entirely based on crowd-sourcing without the need of hiring professional annotators; secondly, a set of benchmark results of belief tracking, dialogue act and response generation is reported, which shows the usability of the data and sets a baseline for future studies.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2016arXiv

Personalizing Universal Recurrent Neural Network Language Model with User Characteristic Features by Social Network Crowdsouring

With the popularity of mobile devices, personalized speech recognizer becomes more realizable today and highly attractive. Each mobile device is primarily used by a single user, so it's possible to have a personalized recognizer well matching to the characteristics of individual user. Although acoustic model personalization has been investigated for decades, much less work have been reported on personalizing language model, probably because of the difficulties in collecting enough personalized corpora. Previous work used the corpora collected from social networks to solve the problem, but constructing a personalized model for each user is troublesome. In this paper, we propose a universal recurrent neural network language model with user characteristic features, so all users share the same model, except each with different user characteristic features. These user characteristic features can be obtained by crowdsouring over social networks, which include huge quantity of texts posted by users with known friend relationships, who may share some subject topics and wording patterns. The preliminary experiments on Facebook corpus showed that this proposed approach not only drastically reduced the model perplexity, but offered very good improvement in recognition accuracy in n-best rescoring tests. This approach also mitigated the data sparseness problem for personalized language models.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2016arXiv

Towards Machine Comprehension of Spoken Content: Initial TOEFL Listening Comprehension Test by Machine

Multimedia or spoken content presents more attractive information than plain text content, but it's more difficult to display on a screen and be selected by a user. As a result, accessing large collections of the former is much more difficult and time-consuming than the latter for humans. It's highly attractive to develop a machine which can automatically understand spoken content and summarize the key information for humans to browse over. In this endeavor, we propose a new task of machine comprehension of spoken content. We define the initial goal as the listening comprehension test of TOEFL, a challenging academic English examination for English learners whose native language is not English. We further propose an Attention-based Multi-hop Recurrent Neural Network (AMRNN) architecture for this task, achieving encouraging results in the initial tests. Initial results also have shown that word-level attention is probably more robust than sentence-level attention for this task with ASR errors.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access