Abstract

For a set A of n applicants and a set I of m items, we consider a problem of computing a matching of applicants to items, i.e., a function M mapping A to I; here we assume that each applicant x∈Ax \in A provides a preference list on items in I. We say that an applicant x∈Ax \in A prefers an item p than an item q if p is located at a higher position than q in its preference list, and we say that x prefers a matching M over a matching M' if x prefers M(x) over M'(x). For a given matching problem A, I, and preference lists, we say that M is more popular than M' if the number of applicants preferring M over M' is larger than that of applicants preferring M' over M, and M is called a popular matching if there is no other matching that is more popular than M. Here we consider the situation that A is partitioned into A1,A2,...,AkA_{1},A_{2},...,A_{k}, and that each AiA_{i} is assigned a weight wi>0w_{i}>0 such that w_{1}>w_{2}>...>w_{k}>0.Forsuchamatchingproblem,wesaythatMismorepopularthanM′ifthetotalweightofapplicantspreferringMoverM′islargerthanthatofapplicantspreferringM′overM,andwecallMank−weightedpopularmatchingifthereisnoothermatchingthatismorepopularthanM.Inthispaper,weanalyzethe2−weightedmatchingproblem,andweshowthat(lowerbound)if. For such a matching problem, we say that M is more popular than M' if the total weight of applicants preferring M over M' is larger than that of applicants preferring M' over M, and we call M an k-weighted popular matching if there is no other matching that is more popular than M. In this paper, we analyze the 2-weighted matching problem, and we show that (lower bound) if m/n^{4/3}=o(1),thenarandominstanceofthe2−weightedmatchingproblemwith, then a random instance of the 2-weighted matching problem with w_{1} \geq 2w_{2}hasa2−weightedpopularmatchingwithprobabilityo(1);and(upperbound)if has a 2-weighted popular matching with probability o(1); and (upper bound) if n^{4/3}/m = o(1),thenarandominstanceofthe2−weightedmatchingproblemwith, then a random instance of the 2-weighted matching problem with w_{1} \geq 2w_{2}$ has a 2-weighted popular matching with probability 1-o(1).

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