Transcendence of generating functions whose coefficients are multiplicative

preprint2010arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let KK be a field of characteristic 0, f:N→Kf:\mathbb{N}\to K be a multiplicative function, and F(z)=∑n≥1f(n)zn∈K[[z]]F(z)=\sum_{n\geq 1} f(n)z^n\in K[[z]] be algebraic over K(z)K(z). Then either there is a natural number kk and a periodic multiplicative function χ(n)χ(n) such that f(n)=nkχ(n)f(n)=n^k χ(n) for all nn, or f(n)f(n) is eventually zero. In particular, the generating function of a multiplicative function f:N→Kf:\mathbb{N}\to K is either transcendental or rational.

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