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Theory and phenomenology of the three-gluon vertex

The three-gluon vertex is a fundamental ingredient of the intricate QCD dynamics, being inextricably connected to key nonperturbative phenomena, such as the emergence of a mass scale in the gauge sector of the theory. In this presentation, we review the main theoretical properties of the three-gluon vertex in the Landau gauge, obtained from the fruitful synergy between functional methods and lattice simulations. We pay particular attention to the manifestation and origin of the infrared suppression of its main form factors and the associated zero crossing. In addition, we discuss certain characteristic phenomenological applications that require this special vertex as input.