The Triple Point Spectrum of closed orientable 3-manifolds

The triple point numbers and the triple point spectrum of a closed 3-manifold were defined in (R. Vigara, Representación de 3-variedades por esferas de Dehn rellenantes, PhD Thesis, UNED 2006). They are topological invariants that give a measure of the complexity of a 3-manifold using the number of triple points of minimal filling Dehn surfaces. Basic properties of these invariants are presented, and the triple point spectra of $\mathbb{S}^2\times \mathbb{S}^1$ and $\mathbb{S}^3$ are computed.

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