The Euler Totient Function on Lucas Sequences

preprint2022arXivOpen access

Abstract

In 2009, Luca and Nicolae proved that the only Fibonacci numbers whose Euler totient function is another Fibonacci number are 1,21,2, and 33. In 2015, Faye and Luca proved that the only Pell numbers whose Euler totient function is another Pell number are 11 and 22. Here we add to these two results and prove that for any fixed natural number P≥3P\geq 3, if we define the sequence (un)n\left(u_n\right)_n as u0=0u_0=0, u1=1u_1=1, and un=Pun−1+un−2u_n=Pu_{n-1}+u_{n-2} for all n≥2n\geq 2, then the only solution to the Diophantine equation φ(un)=umφ\left(u_n\right)=u_m is φ(u1)=φ(1)=1=u1φ\left(u_1\right)=φ(1)=1=u_1.

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