The additive groups of Z\mathbb{Z} and Q\mathbb{Q} with predicates for being square-free

preprint2021arXivOpen access

Abstract

We consider the four structures (Z;SqfZ)(\mathbb{Z}; \mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Z}), (Z;<,SqfZ)(\mathbb{Z}; <, \mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Z}), (Q;SqfQ)(\mathbb{Q}; \mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Q}), and (Q;<,SqfQ)(\mathbb{Q}; <, \mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Q}) where Z\mathbb{Z} is the additive group of integers, SqfZ\mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Z} is the set of a∈Za \in \mathbb{Z} such that vp(a)<2v_{p}(a) < 2 for every prime pp and corresponding pp-adic valuation vpv_{p}, Q\mathbb{Q} and SqfQ\mathrm{Sqf}^\mathbb{Q} are defined likewise for rational numbers, and << denotes the natural ordering on each of these domains. We prove that the second structure is model-theoretically wild while the other three structures are model-theoretically tame. Moreover, all these results can be seen as examples where number-theoretic randomness yields model-theoretic consequences.

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