Spectral properties of elliptic operator with double-contrast coefficients near a hyperplane

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour as $\varepsilon\to 0$ of the spectrum of the elliptic operator $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon=-{1\over b^\varepsilon}\mathrm{div}(a^\varepsilon\nabla)$ posed in a bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ $(n \geq 2)$ subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions on $\partialΩ$. When $\varepsilon\to 0$ both coefficients $a^\varepsilon$ and $b^\varepsilon$ become high contrast in a small neighborhood of a hyperplane $Γ$ intersecting $Ω$. We prove that the spectrum of $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ converges to the spectrum of an operator acting in $L^2(Ω)\oplus L^2(Γ)$ and generated by the operation $-Δ$ in $Ω\setminusΓ$, the Dirichlet boundary conditions on $\partialΩ$ and certain interface conditions on $Γ$ containing the spectral parameter in a nonlinear manner. The eigenvalues of this operator may accumulate at a finite point. Then we study the same problem, when $Ω$ is an infinite straight strip ("waveguide") and $Γ$ is parallel to its boundary. We show that $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ has at least one gap in the spectrum when $\varepsilon$ is small enough and describe the asymptotic behaviour of this gap as $\varepsilon\to 0$. The proofs are based on methods of homogenization theory.

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