Skew Dyck paths having no peaks at level 1

preprint2022arXivOpen access

Abstract

Skew Dyck paths are a variation of Dyck paths, where additionally to steps (1,1)(1,1) and (1,−1)(1,-1) a south-west step (−1,−1)(-1,-1) is also allowed, provided that the path does not intersect itself. Replacing the south-west step by a red south-east step, we end up with decorated Dyck paths. Sequence A128723 of the Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences considers such paths where peaks at level 1 are forbidden. We provide a thorough analysis of a more general scenario, namely partial decorated Dyck paths, ending on a prescribed level jj, both from left-to-right and from right-to-left (decorated Dyck paths are not symmetric). The approach is completely based on generating functions.

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