Paper detail

Scaling behaviours of the $p_{T}$ spectra for identified hadrons in $pp$ collisions

We extend the scaling behaviour observed in the inclusive charged hadron transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) distributions to the $p_{T}$ spectra of pions, kaons and protons produced in proton-proton ($pp$) collisions with center of mass energies ($\sqrt{s}$ ) at 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV. This scaling behaviour arises when a linear transformation, $p_{T} \rightarrow p_{T}/K$, is applied on the pion, kaon or proton $p_{T}$ spectra. The scaling parameter $K$ depends on $\sqrt{s}$ and is determined by a new method, the quality factor method, which does not rely on the shape of the scaling function. We argue that the pions, kaons and protons originate from different distributions of clusters which are formed by strings overlapping, and the scaling behaviours of these identified particles $p_{T}$ spectra could be understood with the colour string percolation model in a quantitative way simultaneously.