Revealing Optically Induced Magnetization in SrTiO$_3$ using Optically Coupled SQUID Magnetometry and Magnetic Circular Dichroism

In this work, we study the time- and temperature-dependence of optically induced magnetization in bulk crystals of slightly oxygen-deficient SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ using an optically coupled SQUID magnetometer. We find that a weak ($\sim$5$\times$10$^{-7}$~emu) but extremely long-lived (hours) magnetic moment can be induced in SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ at zero magnetic field by circular-polarized sub-bandgap light. We utilize this effect to demonstrate that SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ crystals can be used as an optically addressable magnetic memory by writing and subsequently reading magnetic patterns with light. The induced magnetization is consistent with that of a polarized ensemble of independent oxygen-vacancy-related complexes, rather than from collective or long-range magnetic order.

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