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Resonant Few-Photon Excitation of a Single-Ion Oscillator

We study the motion of an undamped single-ion harmonic oscillator, resonantly driven with a pulsed radiation pressure force. We demonstrate that a barium ion, initially cooled to the Doppler limit, quickly phase locks to the drive and builds up coherent oscillations above the thermal distribution after scattering of order one hundred photons. In our experiment, this seeded motion is subsequently amplified and then analyzed by Doppler velocimetry. Since the coherent oscillation is conditional upon the internal quantum state of the ion, this motional excitation technique could be useful in atomic or molecular single-ion spectroscopy experiments, providing a simple protocol for state readout of non-fluorescing ions with partially closed-cycle transitions.