Representing Ordinal Numbers with Arithmetically Interesting Sets of Real Numbers

preprint2020arXivOpen access

Abstract

For a real number xx and set of natural numbers AA, define x∗A:={xa mod 1:a∈A}⊆[0,1).x \ast A := \{ x a \bmod 1: a\in A\}\subseteq [0,1). We consider relationships between xx, AA, and the order-type of x∗Ax\ast A. For example, for every irrational xx and order-type αα, there is an AA with x∗A≃αx\ast A \simeq α, but if αα is a well order, then AA must be a thin set. If, however, AA is restricted to be a subset of the powers of 2, then not every order type is possible, although arbitrarily large countable well orders arise.

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