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Relativistic effects in the pionium lifetime

The pionium decay width is evaluated in the framework of chiral perturbation theory and the relativistic bound state formalism of constraint theory. Corrections of order O(α) are calculated with respect to the conventional lowest-order formula, in which the strong interaction amplitude has been calculated to two-loop order with charged pion masses. Strong interaction corrections from second-order perturbation theory of the bound state wave equation are found to be of the order of 0.4%. Electromagnetic radiative corrections, due to pion-photon interactions, are estimated to be of the order of -0.1%. Electromagnetic mass shift insertions in internal propagators produce a correction of the order of 0.3%. The correction due to the passage from the strong interaction scattering amplitude evaluated with the mass parameter fixed at the charged pion mass to the amplitude evaluated with the mass parameter fixed at the neutral pion mass is found to be of the order of 6.4%.