Rederivation of the Casimir force under the completeness relation of continuum operator

preprint2016arXivOpen access

Abstract

Casimir effects manifests that, the two closely paralleled plates, generally produce a macroscopic attractive force due to the quantum vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic fields. The derivation of the force requires an {\it artificial} regulator by removing the divergent summation. By including naturally a spectrum density factor, based on the observation that an incomplete eigenvectors of observable, such as the eigenstates for the photons in the free field, can form a complete set of eigenvectors by introducing a unique spectrum transformation, an alternative way is presented to rederive the force, without using a regulator. As a result, the Casimir forces are obtained with the first term −π2ℏc/(240a4)-π^2 \hbar c/(240 a^4) attractive, and the second one, −π4ℏc3σ2/(1008a6)-π^4 \hbar c^3 σ^2/(1008 a^6), also attractive but smaller, with aa the plate separation, and σσ a to-be-determined small constant number in the spectrum density factor.

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