Rectification of light in the quantum regime

One of the missing elements for realising an integrated optical circuit is a rectifying device playing the role of an optical diode. A proposal based on a pair of two-level atoms strongly coupled to a one-dimenisonal waveguide showed a promising behavior based on a semi-classical study [Fratini et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 243601 (2014)]. Our study in the full quantum regime shows that, in such a device, rectification is a purely multi-photon effect. For an input field in a coherent state, rectification reaches up to $70\%$ for the range of power in which one of the two atoms is excited, but not both.

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