Rectangular orbits of the curved 4-body problem

We consider the 4-body problem in spaces of constant curvature and study the existence of spherical and hyperbolic rectangular solutions, i.e. equiangular quadrilateral motions on spheres and hyperbolic spheres. We focus on relative equilibria (orbits that maintain constant mutual distances) and rotopulsators (configurations that rotate and change size, but preserve equiangularity). We prove that when such orbits exist, they are necessarily spherical or hyperbolic squares, i.e. equiangular equilateral quadrilaterals.

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