Realizing degree sequences as Z3Z_3-connected graphs

preprint2014arXivOpen access

Abstract

An integer-valued sequence π=(d1,…,dn)π=(d_1, \ldots, d_n) is {\em graphic} if there is a simple graph GG with degree sequence of ππ. We say the ππ has a realization GG. Let Z3Z_3 be a cyclic group of order three. A graph GG is {\em Z3Z_3-connected} if for every mapping b:V(G)→Z3b:V(G)\to Z_3 such that ∑v∈V(G)b(v)=0\sum_{v\in V(G)}b(v)=0, there is an orientation of GG and a mapping f:E(G)→Z3−{0}f: E(G)\to Z_3-\{0\} such that for each vertex v∈V(G)v\in V(G), the sum of the values of ff on all the edges leaving from vv minus the sum of the values of ff on the all edges coming to vv is equal to b(v)b(v). If an integer-valued sequence ππ has a realization GG which is Z3Z_3-connected, then ππ has a {\em Z3Z_3-connected realization} GG. Let π=(d1,…,dn)π=(d_1, \ldots, d_n) be a graphic sequence with d1≥…≥dn≥3d_1\ge \ldots \ge d_n\ge 3. We prove in this paper that if d1≥n−3d_1\ge n-3, then either ππ has a Z3Z_3-connected realization unless the sequence is (n−3,3n−1)(n-3, 3^{n-1}) or is (k,3k)(k, 3^k) or (k2,3k−1)(k^2, 3^{k-1}) where k=n−1k=n-1 and nn is even; if dn−5≥4d_{n-5}\ge 4, then either ππ has a Z3Z_3-connected realization unless the sequence is (52,34)(5^2, 3^4) or (5,35)(5, 3^5).

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