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Radiative Thermal Diode Mediated by Nonreciprocal Graphene Plasmons Waveguides

A thermal diode based on the asymmetric radiative heat transfer between nanoparticles assisted by the nonreciprocal graphene plasmons waveguides is proposed in this work. The thermal diode system consists of two particles and a drift-biased suspended graphene sheet in close proximity of them. Nonreciprocal graphene plasmons are induced by the drift currents in the graphene sheet, and then couple to the waves emitted by the particles in near-field regime. Based on the asymmetry with respect to their propagation direction of graphene plasmons, the thermal rectification between the two particles is observed. The performance of the radiative thermal diode can be actively adjusted through tuning the chemical potential or changing the drift currents in the graphene sheet. With a large drift velocity and a small chemical potential, a perfect radiative thermal diode with a rectification coefficient extremely approaching to 1 can be achieved within a wide range of the interparticle distance from near to far-field. The dispersion relations of the graphene plasmons are adopted to analyze the underlying physics of the rectification effect. In addition, due to the wide band characteristic of the nonreciprocal graphene plasmons, the driftbiased graphene can act as a universal platform for the thermal rectification between particles. The particles with a larger particle resonance frequency are much more preferred to produce a better thermal diode. This technology could find broad applications in the field of thermal management at nanoscale