Proper Orientation Number of Triangle-free Bridgeless Outerplanar Graphs

An orientation of $G$ is a digraph obtained from $G$ by replacing each edge by exactly one of two possible arcs with the same endpoints. We call an orientation \emph{proper} if neighbouring vertices have different in-degrees. The proper orientation number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\vecχ(G)$, is the minimum maximum in-degree of a proper orientation of G. Araujo et al. (Theor. Comput. Sci. 639 (2016) 14--25) asked whether there is a constant $c$ such that $\vecχ(G)\leq c$ for every outerplanar graph $G$ and showed that $\vecχ(G)\leq 7$ for every cactus $G.$ We prove that $\vecχ(G)\leq 3$ if $G$ is a triangle-free $2$-connected outerplanar graph and $\vecχ(G)\leq 4$ if $G$ is a triangle-free bridgeless outerplanar graph.

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