Paper detail

Progress in Lunar Laser Ranging Tests of Relativistic Gravity

Analyses of laser ranges to the Moon provide increasingly stringent limits on any violation of the Equivalence Principle (EP); they also enable several very accurate tests of relativistic gravity. We report the results of our recent analysis of Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) data giving an EP test of Δ(M_G/M_I)_{EP} =(-1.0 +/- 1.4) x 10^{-13}. This result yields a Strong Equivalence Principle (SEP) test of Δ(M_G/M_I)_{SEP} =(-2.0 +/- 2.0) x 10^{-13}. Also, the corresponding SEP violation parameter ηis (4.4 +/- 4.5) x 10^{-4}, where η=4β-γ-3 and both βand γare parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameters. Using the recent Cassini result for the parameter γ, PPN parameter βis determined to be β-1=(1.2 +/- 1.1) x 10^{-4}. The geodetic precession test, expressed as a relative deviation from general relativity, is K_{gp}=-0.0019 +/- 0.0064. The search for a time variation in the gravitational constant results in \dot G/G=(4 +/- 9) x 10^{-13} yr^{-1}, consequently there is no evidence for local (~1AU) scale expansion of the solar system.