Paper detail

Possible Discrimination between Gamma Rays and Hadrons using Cerenkov Photon Timing Measurements

Atmospheric Čerenkov Technique is an established methodology to study $TeV$ energy gamma rays. However the challenging problem has always been the poor signal to noise ratio due to the presence of abundant cosmic rays. Several ingenious techniques have been employed to alleviate this problem, most of which are centred around the Čerenkov image characteristics. However there are not many techniques available for improving the signal to noise ratio of the data from wavefront sampling observations. One such possible technique is to use the Čerenkov photon arrival times and identify the species dependent characteristics in them. Here we carry out systematic monte carlo simulation studies of the timing information of Čerenkov photons at the observation level. We have parameterized the shape of the Čerenkov shower front as well as the pulse shapes in terms of experimentally measurable quantities. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the curvature of the shower front, pulse shape parameters as well as the photon arrival time jitter to primary species and show their efficiency in improving the signal to noise ratio. The effect of limiting the Čerenkov telescope opening angle by using a circular focal point mask, onthe efficacy of the parameters has also been studied for each of the parameters. Radius of the shower front, pulse decay time and photon arrival time jitter have been found to be the most promising parameters which could be used to discriminate $γ-$ray events from the background. We also find that the efficiency of the first two parameters increases with zenith angle and efficiency of pulse decay time decreases with increasing altitude of observation.