p-adic congruences motivated by series

preprint2013arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let p>5p>5 be a prime. Motivated by the known formulae ∑k=1∞(−1)k/(k3(2kk))=−2ζ(3)/5\sum_{k=1}^\infty(-1)^k/(k^3\binom{2k}{k})=-2ζ(3)/5 and ∑k=0∞(2kk)2/((2k+1)16k)=4G/π\sum_{k=0}^\infty \binom{2k}{k}^2/((2k+1)16^k)=4G/π(where (where G=\sum_{k=0}^\infty(-1)^k/(2k+1)^2istheCatalanconstant),weshowthat is the Catalan constant), we show that ∑k=1(p−1)/2(−1)kk3(2kk)≡−2Bp−3(modp),\sum_{k=1}^{(p-1)/2}\frac{(-1)^k}{k^3\binom{2k}{k}}\equiv-2B_{p-3}\pmod{p}, ∑k=(p+1)/2p−1(2kk)2(2k+1)16k≡−74p2Bp−3(modp3)\sum_{k=(p+1)/2}^{p-1}\frac{\binom{2k}{k}^2}{(2k+1)16^k}\equiv-\frac 7{4}p^2B_{p-3}\pmod{p^3},and, and ∑k=0(p−3)/2(2kk)2(2k+1)16k≡−2qp(2)−pqp(2)2+512p2Bp−3(modp3),\sum_{k=0}^{(p-3)/2}\frac{\binom{2k}{k}^2}{(2k+1)16^k} \equiv-2q_p(2)-pq_p(2)^2+\frac{5}{12}p^2B_{p-3}\pmod{p^3},where where B_0,B_1,\ldotsareBernoullinumbersand are Bernoulli numbers and q_p(2)istheFermatquotient is the Fermat quotient (2^{p-1}-1)/p$.

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