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Ordering in rolled-up single-walled ferromagnetic nanomembranes

Magnetization of soft-ferromagnetic nano- and microtubes of nanometer-thin walls (a single-widening rolled-up nanomembranes) is theoretically studied using analytical and numerical approaches including different stress-induced anisotropies. Within the analytical study, we consider magnetostatic effects qualitatively, with an effective anisotropy, while they are fully treated in the micromagnetic simulations (limited to the tubes of submicrometer diameters however). Basic types of the periodic ordering have been established and their presence in nanotubes of polycrystalline Permalloy and cobalt has been verified within the simulations. The domain structure is basically determined by a material-deposition-induced helical stress or a cooling-induced axial stress via the volume magnetostriction while it is influenced by the distribution of magnetic charges as well. Also, it is dependent on the initial state of the magnetization process.