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On the Inhomogeneous Phase of the Chiral Gross-Neveu Model

There is substantial evidence that the ground state of the 2d chiral Gross-Neveu model, in the presence of a $U(1)$ fermion number chemical potential $μ$ and in the large $N$ limit, is given by a {\it chiral spiral} phase, namely an inhomogeneous phase with a chiral condensate having a spatially periodic phase. We show that the chiral spiral configuration persists at finite $N$ and $T=0$ for any $μ>0$. Our analysis is based on non-abelian bosonization, that relates the model to a $U(N)_1$ WZW model deformed by current-current interactions. In this description the appearance of the inhomogeneous phase is surprisingly simple. We also rederive the phase diagram of the large $N$ chiral Gross-Neveu model via a direct diagrammatic computation, finding agreement with previous results in the literature.