On the homology theory of the closed geodesic problem

preprint2011arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let ΛXΛX be the free loop space on a simply connected finite CWCW-complex XX and βi(ΛX;k)β_{i}(ΛX;\Bbbk) be the cardinality of a minimal generating set of Hi(ΛX;k)H^{i}(ΛX;\Bbbk) for k\Bbbk to be a commutative ring with unit. The sequence βi(ΛX;k) β_{i}(ΛX;\Bbbk) grows unbounded if and only if H~∗(X;k)\tilde {H}^{\ast}(X;\Bbbk) requires at least two algebra generators. This in particular answers to a long standing problem whether a simply connected closed smooth manifold has infinitely many geometrically distinct closed geodesics in any Riemannian metric.

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