On the additive structure of algebraic valuations of polynomial semirings

In this paper, we study factorizations in the additive monoids of positive algebraic valuations $\mathbb{N}_0[α]$ of the semiring of polynomials $\mathbb{N}_0[X]$ using a methodology introduced by D. D. Anderson, D. F. Anderson, and M. Zafrullah in 1990. A cancellative commutative monoid is atomic if every non-invertible element factors into irreducibles. We begin by determining when $\mathbb{N}_0[α]$ is atomic, and we give an explicit description of its set of irreducibles. An atomic monoid is a finite factorization monoid (FFM) if every element has only finitely many factorizations (up to order and associates), and it is a bounded factorization monoid (BFM) if for every element there is a bound for the number of irreducibles (counting repetitions) in each of its factorizations. We show that, for the monoid $\mathbb{N}_0[α]$, the property of being a BFM and the property of being an FFM are equivalent to the ascending chain condition on principal ideals (ACCP). Finally, we give various characterizations for $\mathbb{N}_0[α]$ to be a unique factorization monoid (UFM), two of them in terms of the minimal polynomial of $α$. The properties of being finitely generated, half-factorial, and length-factorial are also investigated along the way.

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