On Rayleigh scattering in the massless Nelson model

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

Asymptotic completeness of Rayleigh scattering in models of atoms and molecules of non-relativistic QED is expected, but for a proof we still lack sufficient control on the number of emitted soft photons. So far, this obstacle has only been overcome for the spin-boson model. In a general class of models asymptotic completeness holds provided the expectation value of the photon number NN remains bounded uniformly in time. This has been established by Faupin and Sigal. We review and simplify their work, and, more importantly, we replace the bound on NN by a weaker assumption on the distribution of NN that is both necessary and sufficient for asymptotic completeness.

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