On logics extended with embedding-closed quantifiers

We study first-order as well as infinitary logics extended with quantifiers closed upwards under embeddings. In particular, we show that if a chain of quasi-homogeneous structures is sufficiently long then a given formula of such a logic is eventually equivalent to a quantifier-free formula in that chain. We use this fact to produce a number of undefinability results for logics with embedding-closed quantifiers. In the final section we introduce an Ehrenfeucht-Fraïssé game that characterizes the $L$-equivalence between structures, where $L$ is the infinitary logic $L_{\infty ω}$ extended with all embedding-closed quantifiers. In conclusion, we provide an application of this game illustrating its use.

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