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Numerical simulations of particle sedimentation using the immersed boundary method

We study the settling of solid particles within a viscous incompressible fluid contained in a two-dimensional channel, where the mass density of the particles is slightly greater than that of the fluid. The fluid-structure interaction problem is simulated numerically using the immersed boundary method, with an added mass term that is incorporated using a Boussinesq approximation. Simulations are performed with a single circular particle, and also with two particles in various initial configurations. The terminal settling velocities for the particles correspond closely with both theoretical and experimental results, and the single-particle dynamics reproduce expected behavior qualitatively. The two-particle simulations exhibit drafting-kissing-tumbling dynamics that is similar to what is observed in other experimental and numerical studies.