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Novel multifunctional 90Y-labelled albumin magnetic microspheres for cancer therapy

We present in vitro and in vivo studies of yttrium-90 (90Y)-labelled human serum albumin magnetic microspheres (HSAMMS) as multifunctional agent for bimodal radionuclide-hyperthermia cancer therapy. The HSAMMS were produced using a modified emulsification-heat stabilization technique and contained 10-nm magnetite nanoparticles coated with citric acid, distributed as inhomogeneous clusters within the albumin microspheres. The average particle size of the complete HSAMMS was 20 (mu)m, and they exhibited superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. The stability of the 90^Y-labelled HSAMMS was investigated in vitro (in saline and human serum) and in vivo by analyzing their biodistribution in normal Wistar rats. The in vitro experiments revealed the high stability of the labelled HSAMMS in saline and human serum after 72 h. Following the intravenous administration of the 90^Y-HSAMMS in rats, 88.81% of the activity localizes in the lungs after 1 h, with 82.67% remaining after 72 h. These data on 90Y-HSAMMS provide good evidence for their potential use in bimodal radionuclide-hyperthermia cancer therapy.