Paper detail

More lead stars

The standard model for the operation of the s-process in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars predicts that low-metallicity ([Fe/H] <= -1) AGB stars should exhibit large overabundances of Pb and Bi as compared to other s-elements. Eight CH stars (with [Fe/H] ranging from -1.5 to -2.5) are studied in the present paper using high-resolution spectra (R = lambda/Delta lambda = 135 000), and five of them appear to be enriched in lead (with [Pb/Ce] ~ 0.7). Abundances of heavy elements in these `lead stars' (defined as stars enriched in s-elements and with [Pb/hs] >= 1, hs being any of Ba, La or Ce) are consistent with the predictions for the s-process operating in low-metallicity AGB stars as a consequence of the `partial mixing' of protons below the convective hydrogen envelope. Two among the studied stars (HD 189711 and V Ari) add to a growing number of low-metallicity stars which do not conform to these predictions, however. Variations on the canonical proton-mixing scenario for the operation of the s-process in low-metallicity stars, that could account for these discrepant stars, are briefly discussed.