Möbius function and primes: an identity factory with applications

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

We investigate the sums ∑n≤X,(n,q)=1μ(n)nslog⁡k(Xn)\sum_{n\le X, (n,q)=1}\frac{μ(n)}{n^s}\log^k\left(\frac{X}{n}\right), where k∈{0,1}k\in\{0,1\}, s∈Cs\in\mathbb{C}, ℜs>0\Re s>0. Our goal is to obtain explicit asymptotic estimations for these quantities. To achieve this, we develop a broad framework of identities that we use to derive several applications. Building on similar principles, we also provide an appendix establishing the inequality ∑n≤XΛ(n)/n≤log⁡X\sum_{n\le X}Λ(n)/n\le \log X, valid for any X≥1X\geq 1.

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