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Microwave driven arbitrary coupling between trapped charge resonances in a silicon single electron transistor

In quantum computation, information is processed by gates that must coherently couple separate qubits. In many systems the qubits are naturally coupled, but such an always-on interaction limits the algorithms that may be implemented. Coupling interactions may also be directed in devices and circuits that are provided with additional control wiring. This can be achieved by adjusting the gate voltage in a semiconductor device or an additional flux in a superconducting device. Such control signals must be applied adiabatically (limiting the speed) and the additional wiring provides pathways for noise, which leads to decoherence. Here we demonstrate an alternative approach to coupling by exploiting the nonlinear behaviour of a degenerately doped silicon transistor. A single transistor can exhibit a large number of individual resonances, which are seen as changes in the source-drain current of a dc-biased device. These resonances may be addressed in frequency space due to their high quality factors. Two widely separated resonances are addressed and coupled in three-frequency spectroscopy by ensuring that the third frequency corresponds to the difference between the two individual resonances. The nonlinearity causes the generation of additional driving signals with appropriate frequency and phase relationships to ensure coupling, resulting in additional spectroscopic features that could be exploited for rapid state manipulation and gate operations.