Medium effects for terrestrial and atmospheric neutrino oscillations

Matter effects in neutrino propagation translate into effective parameters for the oscillation and fake CP- and CPT-odd quantities, even in a scenario, such as $Δ_{12}=0$, where no genuine CP violation is present. This fact seems to impose severe restrictions on the determination of intrinsic parameters of the system from long-baseline experiments. We show, however, that the resonance in the effective mixing $\tildeθ_{13}$ can be observed for a certain range of baselines. This provides a way to measure the vacuum mixing angle $θ_{13}$ and the sign of $Δm_{23}^2$ from atmospheric neutrinos, using a detector with energy resolution and charge discrimination.

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