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Mass Models of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Variable Stellar Anisotropy. I. Jeans Analysis

Using a flexible galactic model with variable stellar velocity anisotropy, I apply the classical Jeans mass modeling approach to the five dwarf spheroidal galaxies with the largest homogeneous datasets of stellar line-of-sight velocities (between 330 and 2500 stars per galaxy) -- Carina, Fornax, Leo~I, Sculptor, and Sextans. I carry out an exhaustive model parameter search, assigning absolute probabilities to each parameter combination. My main finding is that there is a well defined radius (unique for each galaxy) where the Jeans analysis constraints on the enclosed mass are tightest, and are much better than the constraints at previously suggested radii (e.g. 300~pc). For Carina, Fornax, Leo~I, Sculptor, and Sextans the enclosed DM mass is $0.94 \pm 0.20$ (at 410~pc), $7.1 \pm 0.9$ (at 925~pc), $1.75 \pm 0.20$ (at 390~pc), $2.59 \pm 0.42$ (at 435~pc), and $2.3 \pm 0.9$ (at 1035~pc), respectively (two-sigma uncertainties; in $10^7$~M$_\odot$ units). Local DM density has the tightest constraints at smaller (and also unique for each galaxy) radii. The largest central DM density constraint is for Sculptor: $ρ_0\gtrsim 0.09$~$M_\odot$~pc$^{-3}$ (at two-sigma level). I show that the DM density logarithmic slope is totally unconstrained by the Jeans analysis at all the radii probed by the data (and not just at the center, as was demonstrated before). Stellar velocity anisotropy has only very weak constraints. In particular, pure central tangential anisotropy is ruled out at better than two sigma level for three dwarfs, and the data are consistent with the global stellar velocity isotropy for all the five galaxies.