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Magnetic-coupling-dependent spin-triplet supercurrents in helimagnet/ferromagnet Josephson junctions

The experimental achievements during the past year in demonstrating the existence of long-ranged spin-triplet supercurrents in ferromagnets proximity coupled to singlet superconductors open up the possibility for new interesting physics and applications [for a review, see M. Eschrig, Phys. Today 64(1), 43 (2011)]. Our group reported the injection of triplet supercurrents into a magnetically uniform ferromagnet (Co) by sandwiching it between two helimagnet/superconductor (Ho/Nb) bilayers to form a Nb/Ho/Co/Ho/Nb-type Josephson device. In the function of the Ho layer thicknesses, the supercurrent was found to modulate in a complex way that seemed to depend on the magnetic structure of Ho. To understand this unusual behavior, we have theoretically studied the properties of an ideal Josephson device with a helimagnet/ferromagnet/helimagnet (HM/F/HM) barrier in the clean limit using the Eilenberger equation; we show, in particular, that the maximum triplet supercurrent that can pass across the barrier will depend non-monotonically on the thicknesses of the HM layers if the HM and F layers are magnetically exchange coupled at their interface.