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Machine-learning Analysis of Opioid Use Disorder Informed by MOR, DOR, KOR, NOR and ZOR-Based Interactome Networks

Opioid use disorder (OUD) continuously poses major public health challenges and social implications worldwide with dramatic rise of opioid dependence leading to potential abuse. Despite that a few pharmacological agents have been approved for OUD treatment, the efficacy of said agents for OUD requires further improvement in order to provide safer and more effective pharmacological and psychosocial treatments. Preferable therapeutic treatments of OUD rely on the advances in understanding the neurobiological mechanism of opioid dependence. Proteins including mu, delta, kappa, nociceptin, and zeta opioid receptors are the direct targets of opioids. Each receptor has a large protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, that behaves differently when subjected to various treatments, thus increasing the complexity in the drug development process for an effective opioid addiction treatment. The report below analyzes the work by presenting a PPI-network informed machine-learning study of OUD. We have examined more than 500 proteins in the five opioid receptor networks and subsequently collected 74 inhibitor datasets. Machine learning models were constructed by pairing gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithm with two advanced natural language processing (NLP)-based molecular fingerprints. With these models, we systematically carried out evaluations of screening and repurposing potential of drug candidates for four opioid receptors. In addition, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties were also considered in the screening of potential drug candidates. Our study can be a valuable and promising tool of pharmacological development for OUD treatments.