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Lattice dynamics in the paraelectric phase of PbHfO$_3$ studied by inelastic X-ray scattering

We report the results of an inelastic X-ray scattering study of the lattice dynamics in the paraelectric phase of the antiferroelectric lead hafnate PbHfO$_3$. The study reveals an avoided crossing between the transverse acoustic and transverse optic phonon modes propagating along the [1 1 0] direction with [1 -1 0] polarization. The static susceptibility with respect to the generally incommensurate modulations is shown to increase on cooling for the entire $Γ$-M direction. We consider different approaches to the data analysis that correspond to different models for the temperature evolution of the dynamic susceptibility function. A number of similarities and differences between the lattice dynamics of PbHfO$_3$ and PbZrO$_3$ are described.