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La machine α: modèle générique pour les algorithmes naturels

So far, following the works of A.M. Turing, the algorithms were considered as the mathematical abstraction from which we could write programs for computers whose principle was based on the theoretical concept of Turing machine. We start here from the observation that natural algorithms or rather algorithms of the nature which are massively parallel, autoadaptative and reproductible, and for which we do not know how they really work, nor why, are not easily specified by the current theoretical model of Universal Turing machine, or Universal Computer. In particular the aspects of communications, evolutionary rules (rulers), random (unpredictable) events, just like the genetic code, are taken into account only by subtleties which oblige to break the theory. We shall propose one \textit{universal model} of algorithm called machine-alpha which contains and generalizes the existing models. --- Jusqu'ici, suite aux travaux de A.M.Turing [Turing, 1936], les algorithmes ont été vus comme l'abstraction à partir de laquelle on pouvait écrire des programmes pour des ordinateurs dont le principe était lui-même issu du concept théorique de machine de Turing. Nous partons ici du constat que les algorithmes naturels ou plutôt les algorithmes de la nature, massivement parallèles, autoadaptatifs et auto reproductibles, dont on ne sait pas comment ils fonctionnent réellement, ni pourquoi, ne sont pas aisément spécifiés par le modèle théorique actuel de Machine de Turing Universelle, ou de Calculateur Universel ; en particulier les aspects de communications, de règles évolutives, d' événements aléatoires, à l'image du code génétique, ne sont pris en compte que par ajout d'artifices à la théorie. Nous nous proposons ici de montrer comment aborder ces problèmes en repensant le modèle théorique. Nous proposerons un modèle d'algorithme, appelé ici machine-αqui contient et généralise les modèles existants.

preprint2013arXivOpen access
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