Paper detail

Isothermal Annealing of Shocked Zirconium: Stability of the Two-phase $α/ω$ Microstructure

Under high pressure conditions, Zr undergoes a phase transformation from its ambient equilibrium hexagonal close packed $α$ phase to hexagonal $ω$ phase. Upon returning to ambient conditions, the material displays hysteretic behavior, retaining a significant amount of metastable $ω$ phase. This study presents an in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of Zr samples shock-loaded to compressive peak stresses of 8 and 10.5 GPa and then annealed at temperatures of 443, 463, 483, and 503K. The evolution of the $α$ phase volume fraction was tracked quantitatively, and the dislocation densities in both phases were tracked qualitatively during annealing. Upon heating, the reverse transformation of $ω\toα$ does not go to completion, but instead reaches a new metastable state. The initial rate of transformation is faster at higher temperatures. Samples shock-loaded to higher peak pressures experienced higher initial transformation rates and more extensive transformation. Dislocation content in both phases was observed to be high in the as-shocked samples. Annealing the samples reduces the dislocation content in both phases, with the reduction being lesser in the $ω$ phase, leading to the postulation that transformation from $ω\toα$ is restricted by the pinning effect of dislocation structures within the $ω$ phase. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis affirmed that the expected $(0\;0\;0\;1)_α\parallel(1\;0\;\overline{1}\;1)_ω$ and $[1\;0\;\overline{1}\;0]_α\parallel[1\;1\;\overline{2}\;\overline{3}]_ω$ orientation relationship is maintained during nucleation and growth of the $α$ phase during the annealing. \end{abstract}