Intertwining semiclassical solutions to a Schrödinger-Newton system

preprint2011arXivOpen access

Abstract

We study the problem (-ε\mathrm{i}\nabla+A(x)) ^{2}u+V(x)u=ε^{-2}(\frac{1}{|x|}\ast|u|^{2}) u, u\in L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{3},\mathbb{C}),\text{\ \ \ \}ε\nabla u+\mathrm{i}Au\in L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{3},\mathbb{C}^{3}), where A ⁣:R3→R3A\colon\mathbb{R}^{3}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{3} is an exterior magnetic potential, V ⁣:R3→RV\colon\mathbb{R}^{3}\rightarrow\mathbb{R} is an exterior electric potential, and εε is a small positive number. If A=0 and ε=ℏε=\hbar is Planck's constant this problem is equivalent to the Schrödinger-Newton equations proposed by Penrose in \cite{pe2}\ to describe his view that quantum state reduction occurs due to some gravitational effect. We assume that AA and VV are compatible with the action of a group GG of linear isometries of R3\mathbb{R}^{3}. Then, for any given homomorphism τ:G→S1τ:G\rightarrow\mathbb{S}^{1} into the unit complex numbers, we show that there is a combined effect of the symmetries and the potential VV on the number of semiclassical solutions u:Ru:\mathbb{R}% ^{3}\rightarrow\mathbb{C} which satisfy u(gx)=τ(g)u(x)u(gx)=τ(g)u(x) for all g∈Gg\in G, x∈R3x\in\mathbb{R}^{3}. We also study the concentration behavior of these solutions as $ε\rightarrow0.\medskip$

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