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Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems and the 2030 Agenda: Sustainable Development Goals

The health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) is an old method for intensively monitoring a population to assess the effects of healthcare or other population-level interventions - often clinical trials. The strengths of HDSS include very detailed descriptions of whole populations with frequent updates. This often provides long time series of accurate population and health indicators for the HDSS study population. The primary weakness of HDSS is that the data describe only the HDSS study population and cannot be generalized beyond that. The 2030 agenda is the ecosystem of activities - many including population-level monitoring - that relate to the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). With respect to the 2030 agenda, HDSS can contribute by: continuing to conduct cause-and-effect studies; contributing to data triangulation or amalgamation initiatives; characterizing the bias in and calibrating 'big data'; and contributing more to the rapid training of data-oriented professionals, especially in the population and health fields.