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Hagedorn States and Thermalization

In recent years Hagedorn states have been used to explain the physics close to the critical temperature within a hadron gas. Because of their large decay widths these massive resonances lower $η/s$ to near the AdS/CFT limit within the hadron gas phase. A comparison of the Hagedorn model to recent lattice results is made and it is found that for both Tc =176 MeV and Tc=196 MeV, the hadrons can reach chemical equilibrium almost immediately, well before the chemical freeze-out temperatures found in thermal fits for a hadron gas without Hagedorn states. In this paper we also observe the effects of Hagedorn States on the $K^+/π^+$ horn seen at AGS, SPS, and RHIC.