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Green synthesis of eco-friendly silver nanoparticles using Coffee arabica leaf extract and development of a cost-effective biosensor for cysteine

The thirst for fabricating environment friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as biosensors via the green route is highly demanded among researchers due to their free of cost and less impact on creating pollution compared to other methods involving risk interference from toxic chemicals as reducing, stabilizing and capping agents. Here, for the first time, Coffee arabica leaf extracts (CAE) were used for the production of highly stable AgNPs in an easy and eco-friendly manner. Within ten minutes, we can visually confirm the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 from a change of yellow color to dark brown by the addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution with CAE. The structural, optical, stability, morphological and elemental characteristics of CAE-reduced AgNPs (CAE-AgNPs) were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy in ATR mode (FTIR-ATR), Raman spectroscopy, Zeta potential analyzer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared CAE-AgNPs show good sensing performance for the amino acid L-cysteine (Cys) with high sensitivity, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 nM, selectivity and good stability. Hence, the proposed novel method is highly promoted among other nanoengineered green AgNPs in the medical field as a valuable biosensor.